If he was found not guilty he is not listed as sex offender. But he could have stayed in jail untill the end of his trial (and since his family cut ties die to the fact that he was gay they probably did not pay bake).. Also this is the law in US. In Greece there is law for public servants to have a clean public record but if for example there is a subcontractor who checks his employees?
Of course. If you are found not-guilty it means that you are innocent, so you did not commit any crime. The jurisdiction system in most countries is based on "innocent until proven guilty". You are imprisoned until the trial only if the system consider you dangerous or prone to escape to avoid the trial. In most cases a bail is set (an amount of money) that you give in order to not stay in jail until the trial. Of course if the trial is scheduled in 3 years they are not going to keep you in jail for so long, there is a Max period. When the trial is finished you are either innocent and you are released if you were in jail (you have not public record, you are innocent, you didn't committed the act you were accused for) or you are found guilty and go to jail. If you were kept in jail for a year and you were sentenced to jail for 2 years you have to stay in jail for an additional year.
I'm pretty sure you can't get a job in schools and around children if you are convicted sex offender (even in Japan). Mangaka probably did not think that through.
If his friend only wanted money, they could prob settle that out of court but then he wouldn't be a convict? Idk if it's translation problem, or us not quite knowing about it, or, author did not check things properly.
Anyway, gave it a chance because of the author and high rating but I couldn't get into the story.
They are cute tho